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GDP and national accounts

IndicatorFrequencyUnitPeriodEU27SpainAccess
Nominal GDP (quarterly)QuarterlyM€Q2 20264,859,330 M€447,365 M€Basic
Real GDP, year-on-year change (quarterly)Quarterly%Q2 20261.5%2.7%Free
Real GDP, chain-linked volume (quarterly)QuarterlyM€ (2020)Q2 20263,895,043 M€360,266 M€Basic
Nominal GDP (annual)AnnualM€202518,856,105 M€1,690,012 M€Registered
Real GDP growth (annual)Annual%20251.4%2.6%Registered
GDP per capitaAnnual€ per inhabitant202541,700 €34,240 €Registered
Real GDP per capitaAnnual€ (2020) per inhabitant202534,200 €28,260 €Basic
Real GDP per capita, annual changeAnnual%20251.2%1.6%Basic
GDP per capita in purchasing power standardsAnnualPPS per inhabitant202541,699 PPS38,162 PPSBasic
GDP per capita in PPS relative to the EU27Annualindex EU27 = 100202510092Free
Household consumption, real year-on-year changeQuarterly%Q2 20261.2%3.6%Basic
Government consumption, real year-on-year changeQuarterly%Q2 20261.9%2.5%Basic
Gross fixed capital formation, real year-on-year changeQuarterly%Q2 20262.2%5.4%Basic
Exports, real year-on-year changeQuarterly%Q2 20264.4%1.7%Basic
Imports, real year-on-year changeQuarterly%Q2 20264.0%4.7%Basic
Industry share of the economyAnnual% of GVA202519.0%15.4%Basic
Construction share of the economyAnnual% of GVA20255.6%5.9%Basic
Services share of the economyAnnual% of GVA202573.6%75.6%Basic
Public administration, education and health share of the economyAnnual% of GVA202518.9%17.2%Basic

Prices

IndicatorFrequencyUnitPeriodEU27SpainAccess
Consumer price level (HICP)Monthlyindex 2015 = 10009/2026138.64133.48Basic
HICP, annual rate of changeMonthly%09/20263.8%5.0%Free
Core HICP (excluding energy, food, alcohol and tobacco)Monthly%09/20262.7%3.5%Free
HICP energyMonthly%09/202617.6%22.1%Registered
HICP food, alcohol and tobaccoMonthly%09/20261.2%2.7%Registered
HICP servicesMonthly%09/20263.5%4.1%Basic
HICP non-energy industrial goodsMonthly%09/20261.1%1.5%Basic
HICP alcoholic beverages and tobaccoMonthly%09/20263.6%2.8%Basic
HICP clothing and footwearMonthly%09/2026-0.1%0.0%Basic
HICP furnishings and household equipmentMonthly%09/20260.6%1.4%Basic
HICP healthMonthly%09/20263.6%2.0%Basic
HICP information and communicationMonthly%09/20262.5%3.3%Basic
HICP recreation, sport and cultureMonthly%09/20262.2%4.2%Basic
HICP education servicesMonthly%09/20263.8%2.0%Basic
HICP insurance and financial servicesMonthly%09/20263.1%3.5%Basic
HICP personal care and miscellaneous goods and servicesMonthly%09/20263.0%3.2%Basic
HICP, annual average rateAnnual%20252.5%2.7%Basic
HICP electricityMonthly%09/20264.0%11.4%Registered
HICP natural gasMonthly%09/20269.7%4.3%Basic
HICP dieselMonthly%09/202640.1%34.0%Registered
HICP petrolMonthly%09/202627.3%27.5%Registered
House pricesQuarterlyindex 2015 = 100Q2 2026168.6200.6Basic
House prices, annual rate of changeQuarterly%Q2 20264.7%12.1%Registered
House sales, annual rate of changeQuarterly%Q2 2026—-7.4%Registered
Sales of newly built dwellings, annual rate of changeQuarterly%Q2 2026—20.0%Basic
Sales of existing dwellings, annual rate of changeQuarterly%Q2 2026—-9.5%Basic
Household electricity price (2 500–4 999 kWh, taxes included)Half-yearly€/kWhH1 2026—0.2509 €/kWhBasic
Price level relative to the EU27Annualindex EU27 = 1002025100.089.7Basic

Government

IndicatorFrequencyUnitPeriodEU27SpainAccess
Government deficit (−) or surplus (+)Annual% of GDP2025-3.1%-2.4%Free
Government debtAnnual% of GDP202581.7%100.7%Free
Government debt, total amountAnnualM€202515,374,367 M€1,698,225 M€Basic
Government debt (quarterly)Quarterly% of GDPQ1 202682.9%101.6%Registered
Government debt held by non-residentsAnnual% of GDP2025—49.3%Basic
Government debt held by the central bankAnnual% of GDP2025—20.5%Basic
Government debt held by resident banksAnnual% of GDP2025—20.3%Basic
Government debt held by insurers, funds and other financial corporationsAnnual% of GDP2025—8.9%Basic
Government debt held by householdsAnnual% of GDP2025—1.3%Basic
Average remaining maturity of government debtAnnualyears2025—8.1Basic
Net issuance of government debt securitiesQuarterly% of GDPQ1 2026—10.8%Basic
Government deficit (−) or surplus (+) (quarterly)Quarterly% of GDPQ1 2026-3.9%-1.5%Basic
Total government revenueAnnual% of GDP202546.4%42.9%Basic
Total government expenditureAnnual% of GDP202549.5%45.3%Registered
Government interest paymentsAnnual% of GDP20251.90%2.40%Basic
Apparent cost of government debtAnnual%2025—2.6%Basic
Government investment (GFCF)Annual% of GDP20253.90%2.90%Basic
Tax burden (taxes and social contributions)Annual% of GDP202440.3%37.3%Registered
Taxes on income and wealthAnnual% of GDP202413.2%12.5%Basic
VATAnnual% of GDP20247.1%6.4%Basic
Social contributionsAnnual% of GDP202414.0%13.2%Basic

Government expenditure by function (COFOG)

IndicatorFrequencyUnitPeriodEU27SpainAccess
General public services expenditure (COFOG)Annual% of GDP20246.1%5.8%Basic
Defence expenditure (COFOG)Annual% of GDP20241.5%0.9%Basic
Public order and safety expenditure (COFOG)Annual% of GDP20241.7%1.8%Basic
Economic affairs expenditure (COFOG)Annual% of GDP20245.3%5.1%Basic
Environmental protection expenditure (COFOG)Annual% of GDP20240.8%1.0%Basic
Housing and community amenities expenditure (COFOG)Annual% of GDP20240.7%0.5%Basic
Health expenditure (COFOG)Annual% of GDP20247.3%6.5%Basic
Recreation, culture and religion expenditure (COFOG)Annual% of GDP20241.2%1.2%Basic
Education expenditure (COFOG)Annual% of GDP20244.7%4.1%Basic
Social protection expenditure (COFOG)Annual% of GDP202419.6%18.7%Basic
General public services share of government expenditure (COFOG)Annual%202412.4%12.8%Basic
Defence share of government expenditure (COFOG)Annual%20243.0%2.0%Basic
Public order and safety share of government expenditure (COFOG)Annual%20243.5%3.9%Basic
Economic affairs share of government expenditure (COFOG)Annual%202410.8%11.2%Basic
Environmental protection share of government expenditure (COFOG)Annual%20241.7%2.1%Basic
Housing and community amenities share of government expenditure (COFOG)Annual%20241.5%1.1%Basic
Health share of government expenditure (COFOG)Annual%202415.0%14.2%Basic
Recreation, culture and religion share of government expenditure (COFOG)Annual%20242.4%2.6%Basic
Education share of government expenditure (COFOG)Annual%20249.7%9.1%Basic
Social protection share of government expenditure (COFOG)Annual%202440.0%41.0%Basic

Business and activity

IndicatorFrequencyUnitPeriodEU27SpainAccess
Industrial productionMonthlyindex 2021 = 10008/2026—78.7Registered
Retail trade, volume of salesMonthlyindex 2021 = 10008/2026—109.5Registered
Residential building permits (useful floor area)Quarterlyindex 2021 = 100Q2 202681.0113.3Basic
Economic sentiment indicatorMonthlyindex (average = 100)09/202697.9105.5Free
Consumer confidenceMonthlybalance09/2026-15.6-5.4Registered
Industrial confidenceMonthlybalance09/2026-4.3-1.1Basic
Active enterprisesAnnualenterprises202434,188,5643,552,872Basic
Enterprise birth rateAnnual%202410.4%9.4%Basic
Enterprise death rateAnnual%20249.2%7.6%Basic
R&D expenditureAnnual% of GDP20242.26%1.50%Basic

Labour market and productivity

IndicatorFrequencyUnitPeriodEU27SpainAccess
Unemployment rateMonthly% of labour force08/20266.2%10.0%Free
Youth unemployment rate (under 25)Monthly% of labour force08/202616.3%23.1%Free
Unemployed personsMonthlythousand persons08/202613,9382,580Basic
Unemployment rate (annual)Annual% of labour force20256.0%10.5%Registered
Long-term unemployment rateAnnual% of labour force20251.9%3.4%Basic
Employment rate (20–64)Quarterly% of populationQ2 202676.5%73.3%Free
Employed persons (15–74)Quarterlythousand personsQ2 2026208,81622,760Basic
Employed persons per inhabitantAnnual% of population202548.8%46.0%Basic
Hours worked per inhabitantAnnualhours per year2025782751Basic
Labour productivity per hour worked relative to the EU27Annualindex EU27 = 1002025100.095.3Registered
Labour productivity per person employed, EU27 = 100Annualindex EU27 = 1002025100.097.0Basic
Real labour productivity per hour, annual changeAnnual%20251.4%0.6%Basic
Nominal unit labour cost, annual changeAnnual%20253.3%4.4%Basic
Hours worked per employed personAnnualhours per year20251,6041,633Basic
Compensation per employeeAnnual€ per year202547,765 €41,981 €Basic
Compensation per hour workedAnnual€ per hour202530.9 €26.7 €Basic
Compensation per employee in PPS, EU27 = 100Annualindex EU27 = 1002025100.098.0Basic
Compensation per hour worked in PPS, EU27 = 100Annualindex EU27 = 1002025100.096.1Basic
Labour costs (B–S)Quarterlyindex 2020 = 100Q2 2026—121.1Basic
Minimum wageHalf-yearly€ per monthH2 2026—1,425 €Registered
Job vacancy rate (B–S)Quarterly%Q4 20252.0%0.9%Basic
Population aged 25–64 with tertiary educationAnnual%202536.9%42.4%Basic

Households

IndicatorFrequencyUnitPeriodEU27SpainAccess
Household saving rateAnnual% of disposable income202414.5%12.8%Registered
Real household disposable income per capita, annual changeAnnual%20242.3%3.3%Basic
Median equivalised incomeAnnualPPS202522,638 PPS22,408 PPSRegistered
Gini coefficient of disposable incomeAnnual0–100202529.230.8Basic
People at risk of poverty or social exclusion (AROPE)Annual% of population202520.9%25.7%Registered
Housing cost overburden rateAnnual% of population20257.7%7.2%Basic
Household debt (loans)Annual% of GDP202549.3%42.9%Basic

External sector and financing

IndicatorFrequencyUnitPeriodEU27SpainAccess
Current account balanceQuarterly% of GDPQ2 20261.2%2.0%Free
Goods balanceQuarterly% of GDPQ2 20261.3%-4.0%Registered
Services balanceQuarterly% of GDPQ2 20261.1%7.4%Basic
Net international investment positionQuarterly% of GDPQ2 2026—-40.7%Registered
Net direct investmentQuarterly% of GDPQ2 20262.5%0.2%Basic
Exports of goodsAnnualM€2025—394,380 M€Basic
Trade balance in goodsAnnualM€2025—-66,378 M€Basic
10-year government bond yieldMonthly%09/20264.20%3.93%Free
Real effective exchange rate (42 partners, CPI-deflated)Monthlyindex 2015 = 10007/2026116.70104.53Registered

Demography

IndicatorFrequencyUnitPeriodEU27SpainAccess
Population on 1 JanuaryAnnualpersons2025450,646,97149,128,297Registered
Total population changeAnnualper 1,000 inhabitants20251.69.4Basic
Net migration (including statistical adjustment)Annualper 1,000 inhabitants20254.611.8Registered
Median age of populationAnnualyears202544.945.8Basic
Old-age dependency ratio (65+ / 15–64)Annual%202534.5%31.2%Basic
Life expectancy at birthAnnualyears202481.584.0Registered

Public-sector efficiency

IndicatorFrequencyUnitPeriodEU27SpainAccess
Employment in public administration and defence (NACE O)Annualthousand persons2025—1,745Registered
Total employment (national accounts)Annualthousand persons2025—22,702Registered