R&D expenditure · Regions

Name: R&D expenditure · Regions of Europe
Creator: Eurostat
License: https://ec.europa.eu/eurostat/about-us/policies/copyright

Ranking of European regions on “R&D expenditure” (% of GDP), using the latest period published by most regions at each level. Rank 1 = highest value.

Source: Eurostat (rd_e_gerdreg), NUTS 2024 classification. Extracted on 2026-10-17. Compiled by IPEF. · View on Eurostat

Period by level: NUTS 1: 2024, NUTS 2: 2024.

Regional ranking

Level Country

#	Region	Country	Value	Rank in its country
1	Zuid-Nederland NL4	Netherlands	3.43%	1 of 4
2	Batı Anadolu TR5	Türkiye	3.29%	1 of 12
3	Manner-Suomi FI1	Finland	3.24%	1 of 2
4	Ísland IS0	Iceland	2.47%	1 of 1
5	Comunidad de Madrid ES3	Spain	2.18%	1 of 7
6	West-Nederland NL3	Netherlands	2.17%	2 of 4
7	Slovenija SI0	Slovenia	2.14%	1 of 1
8	Makroregion województwo… PL9	Poland	2.13%	1 of 7
9	Oost-Nederland NL2	Netherlands	2.04%	3 of 4
10	Eesti EE0	Estonia	1.99%	1 of 1
11	Noreste ES2	Spain	1.90%	2 of 7
12	Doğu Marmara TR4	Türkiye	1.83%	2 of 12
13	Česko CZ0	Czechia	1.82%	1 of 1
14	Continente PT1	Portugal	1.80%	1 of 3
14	Voreia Elláda EL5	Greece	1.80%	1 of 4
16	Közép-Magyarország HU1	Hungary	1.79%	1 of 3
17	Attiki EL3	Greece	1.72%	2 of 4
18	İstanbul TR1	Türkiye	1.67%	3 of 12
19	Nord-Est ITH	Italy	1.65%	1 of 5
20	Noord-Nederland NL1	Netherlands	1.62%	4 of 4
21	Centro (IT) ITI	Italy	1.56%	2 of 5
22	Makroregion południowy PL2	Poland	1.55%	2 of 7
23	Este ES5	Spain	1.51%	3 of 7
24	Nord-Ovest ITC	Italy	1.43%	3 of 5
25	Hrvatska HR0	Croatia	1.41%	1 of 1
26	Makroregion północny PL6	Poland	1.40%	3 of 7
27	Makroregion południowo-zachodni PL5	Poland	1.30%	4 of 7
28	Serbia - sever RS1	Serbia	1.29%	1 of 2
29	Kuzeydoğu Anadolu TRA	Türkiye	1.23%	4 of 12
30	Noroeste ES1	Spain	1.19%	4 of 7
31	Lietuva LT0	Lithuania	1.12%	1 of 1
32	Sur ES6	Spain	1.08%	5 of 7
33	Nisia Aigaiou, Kriti EL4	Greece	1.04%	3 of 4
33	Luxembourg LU0	Luxembourg	1.04%	1 of 1
35	Sud ITF	Italy	1.03%	4 of 5
35	Yugozapadna i Yuzhna… BG4	Bulgaria	1.03%	1 of 2
35	Kentriki Elláda EL6	Greece	1.03%	4 of 4
38	Makroregion wschodni PL8	Poland	0.99%	5 of 7
39	Slovensko SK0	Slovakia	0.98%	1 of 1
40	Centro (ES) ES4	Spain	0.97%	6 of 7
41	Latvija LV0	Latvia	0.95%	1 of 1
42	Orta Anadolu TR7	Türkiye	0.94%	5 of 12
43	Ege TR3	Türkiye	0.92%	6 of 12
44	Isole ITG	Italy	0.90%	5 of 5
45	Ortadoğu Anadolu TRB	Türkiye	0.88%	7 of 12
46	Makroregion centralny PL7	Poland	0.83%	6 of 7
46	Dunántúl HU2	Hungary	0.83%	2 of 3
48	Macroregiunea Trei RO3	Romania	0.82%	1 of 4
49	Batı Marmara TR2	Türkiye	0.79%	8 of 12
49	Alföld és Észak HU3	Hungary	0.79%	3 of 3
51	Makroregion północno-zachodni PL4	Poland	0.78%	7 of 7
52	Batı Karadeniz TR8	Türkiye	0.75%	9 of 12
53	Åland FI2	Finland	0.68%	2 of 2
54	Doğu Karadeniz TR9	Türkiye	0.66%	10 of 12
55	Kýpros CY0	Cyprus	0.64%	1 of 1
56	Malta MT0	Malta	0.61%	1 of 1
57	Canarias ES7	Spain	0.53%	7 of 7
58	Akdeniz TR6	Türkiye	0.51%	11 of 12
59	Güneydoğu Anadolu TRC	Türkiye	0.45%	12 of 12
60	Região Autónoma dos Açores PT2	Portugal	0.41%	2 of 3
60	Região Autónoma da Madeira PT3	Portugal	0.41%	2 of 3
62	Severna i Yugoiztochna Bulgaria BG3	Bulgaria	0.30%	2 of 2
63	Crna Gora ME0	Montenegro	0.29%	1 of 1
64	Macroregiunea Unu RO1	Romania	0.27%	2 of 4
65	Macroregiunea Patru RO4	Romania	0.24%	3 of 4
66	Serbia - jug RS2	Serbia	0.18%	2 of 2
67	Macroregiunea Doi RO2	Romania	0.15%	4 of 4
1	Helsinki-Uusimaa FI1B	Finland	4.09%	1 of 5
2	Ankara TR51	Türkiye	3.88%	1 of 26
3	Länsi-Suomi FI19	Finland	2.98%	2 of 5
4	Praha CZ01	Czechia	2.77%	1 of 8
5	Pohjois- ja Itä-Suomi FI1D	Finland	2.75%	3 of 5
6	Warszawski stołeczny PL91	Poland	2.65%	1 of 17
7	Zahodna Slovenija SI04	Slovenia	2.64%	1 of 2
8	Małopolskie PL21	Poland	2.49%	2 of 17
9	Ísland IS00	Iceland	2.47%	1 of 1
10	Comunidad Foral de Navarra ES22	Spain	2.34%	1 of 19
11	Emilia-Romagna ITH5	Italy	2.33%	1 of 21
12	Grad Zagreb HR05	Croatia	2.32%	1 of 4
13	País Vasco ES21	Spain	2.30%	2 of 19
14	Jihovýchod CZ06	Czechia	2.25%	2 of 8
15	Etelä-Suomi FI1C	Finland	2.23%	4 of 5
16	Kentriki Makedonia EL52	Greece	2.22%	1 of 13
17	Kocaeli, Sakarya, Düzce, Bolu… TR42	Türkiye	2.21%	2 of 26
17	Budapest HU11	Hungary	2.21%	1 of 8
19	Piemonte ITC1	Italy	2.20%	2 of 21
20	Comunidad de Madrid ES30	Spain	2.18%	3 of 19
21	Grande Lisboa PT1A	Portugal	2.17%	1 of 9
22	Pomorskie PL63	Poland	2.12%	3 of 17
23	Centro (PT) PT19	Portugal	2.05%	2 of 9
24	Norte PT11	Portugal	2.02%	3 of 9
25	Eesti EE00	Estonia	1.98%	1 of 1
26	Sjeverna Hrvatska HR06	Croatia	1.97%	2 of 4
27	Lazio ITI4	Italy	1.86%	3 of 21
28	Střední Čechy CZ02	Czechia	1.85%	3 of 8
29	Cataluña ES51	Spain	1.82%	4 of 19
30	Attiki EL30	Greece	1.72%	2 of 13
31	Bratislavský kraj SK01	Slovakia	1.69%	1 of 4
32	İstanbul TR10	Türkiye	1.67%	3 of 26
33	Friuli-Venezia Giulia ITH4	Italy	1.65%	4 of 21
34	Sostinės regionas LT01	Lithuania	1.59%	1 of 2
35	Provincia Autonoma di Trento ITH2	Italy	1.58%	5 of 21
36	Kriti EL43	Greece	1.55%	3 of 13
37	Erzurum, Erzincan, Bayburt TRA1	Türkiye	1.52%	4 of 26
38	Střední Morava CZ07	Czechia	1.51%	4 of 8
39	Ipeiros EL54	Greece	1.48%	4 of 13
40	Dytiki Elláda EL63	Greece	1.47%	5 of 13
41	Vzhodna Slovenija SI03	Slovenia	1.43%	2 of 2
42	Dolnośląskie PL51	Poland	1.42%	4 of 17
43	Liguria ITC3	Italy	1.40%	6 of 21
44	City of Belgrade RS11	Serbia	1.39%	1 of 4
45	Castilla y León ES41	Spain	1.38%	5 of 19
45	Toscana ITI1	Italy	1.38%	7 of 21
45	Bursa, Eskişehir, Bilecik TR41	Türkiye	1.38%	5 of 26
48	Campania ITF3	Italy	1.29%	8 of 21
48	Galicia ES11	Spain	1.29%	6 of 19
50	Jihozápad CZ03	Czechia	1.26%	5 of 8
51	Comunitat Valenciana ES52	Spain	1.22%	7 of 19
52	Lombardia ITC4	Italy	1.20%	9 of 21
53	Severovýchod CZ05	Czechia	1.19%	6 of 8
54	Yugozapaden BG41	Bulgaria	1.18%	1 of 6
54	Lubelskie PL81	Poland	1.18%	5 of 17
56	Aragón ES24	Spain	1.15%	8 of 19
57	Veneto ITH3	Italy	1.13%	10 of 21
57	Dél-Alföld HU33	Hungary	1.13%	2 of 8
59	Autonomous Province of Vojvodina RS12	Serbia	1.12%	2 of 4
60	Región de Murcia ES62	Spain	1.10%	9 of 19
60	Peloponnisos EL65	Greece	1.10%	6 of 13
62	Andalucía ES61	Spain	1.09%	10 of 19
62	İzmir TR31	Türkiye	1.09%	6 of 26
62	Abruzzo ITF1	Italy	1.09%	11 of 21
65	Moravskoslezsko CZ08	Czechia	1.06%	7 of 8
66	Luxembourg LU00	Luxembourg	1.04%	1 of 1
66	Kayseri, Sivas, Yozgat TR72	Türkiye	1.04%	7 of 26
68	Podkarpackie PL82	Poland	1.03%	6 of 17
68	Principado de Asturias ES12	Spain	1.03%	11 of 19
70	Voreio Aigaio EL41	Greece	1.02%	7 of 13
71	Malatya, Elazığ, Bingöl, Tunceli TRB1	Türkiye	1.01%	8 of 26
72	Marche ITI3	Italy	1.00%	12 of 21
73	Nyugat-Dunántúl HU22	Hungary	0.99%	3 of 8
74	Cantabria ES13	Spain	0.98%	12 of 19
75	Manisa, Afyonkarahisar… TR33	Türkiye	0.97%	9 of 26
76	Bucureşti-Ilfov RO32	Romania	0.96%	1 of 8
77	Latvija LV00	Latvia	0.95%	1 of 1
78	Sterea Elláda EL64	Greece	0.93%	8 of 13
79	Sicilia ITG1	Italy	0.92%	13 of 21
79	La Rioja ES23	Spain	0.92%	13 of 19
81	Thessalia EL61	Greece	0.91%	9 of 13
81	Łódzkie PL71	Poland	0.91%	7 of 17
81	Tekirdağ, Edirne, Kırklareli TR21	Türkiye	0.91%	10 of 26
81	Zonguldak, Karabük, Bartın TR81	Türkiye	0.91%	10 of 26
85	Umbria ITI2	Italy	0.90%	14 of 21
85	Anatoliki Makedonia, Thraki EL51	Greece	0.90%	10 of 13
85	Península de Setúbal PT1B	Portugal	0.90%	4 of 9
85	Puglia ITF4	Italy	0.90%	14 of 21
89	Śląskie PL22	Poland	0.89%	8 of 17
90	Wielkopolskie PL41	Poland	0.88%	9 of 17
91	Oeste e Vale do Tejo PT1D	Portugal	0.87%	5 of 9
92	Közép-Dunántúl HU21	Hungary	0.86%	4 of 8
93	Ağrı, Kars, Iğdır, Ardahan TRA2	Türkiye	0.85%	12 of 26
93	Sardegna ITG2	Italy	0.85%	16 of 21
95	Západné Slovensko SK02	Slovakia	0.84%	2 of 4
96	Alentejo PT1C	Portugal	0.82%	6 of 9
97	Kırıkkale, Aksaray, Niğde… TR71	Türkiye	0.79%	13 of 26
98	Provincia Autonoma di Bolzano ITH1	Italy	0.78%	17 of 21
99	Dytiki Makedonia EL53	Greece	0.77%	11 of 13
99	Warmińsko-mazurskie PL62	Poland	0.77%	10 of 17
101	Opolskie PL52	Poland	0.76%	11 of 17
101	Kujawsko-pomorskie PL61	Poland	0.76%	11 of 17
103	Konya, Karaman TR52	Türkiye	0.74%	14 of 26
104	Molise ITF2	Italy	0.73%	18 of 21
104	Zachodniopomorskie PL42	Poland	0.73%	13 of 17
106	Vidurio ir vakarų Lietuvos… LT02	Lithuania	0.72%	2 of 2
106	Samsun, Tokat, Çorum, Amasya TR83	Türkiye	0.72%	15 of 26
108	Jadranska Hrvatska HR03	Croatia	0.71%	3 of 4
108	Van, Muş, Bitlis, Hakkari TRB2	Türkiye	0.71%	16 of 26
110	Extremadura ES43	Spain	0.70%	14 of 19
110	Antalya, Isparta, Burdur TR61	Türkiye	0.70%	17 of 26
112	Basilicata ITF5	Italy	0.69%	19 of 21
113	Åland FI20	Finland	0.68%	5 of 5
114	Trabzon, Ordu, Giresun, Rize… TR90	Türkiye	0.66%	18 of 26
115	Kastamonu, Çankırı, Sinop TR82	Türkiye	0.65%	19 of 26
116	Kýpros CY00	Cyprus	0.64%	1 of 1
117	Balıkesir, Çanakkale TR22	Türkiye	0.63%	20 of 26
118	Podlaskie PL84	Poland	0.62%	14 of 17
119	Malta MT00	Malta	0.61%	1 of 1
119	Észak-Alföld HU32	Hungary	0.61%	5 of 8
119	Východné Slovensko SK04	Slovakia	0.61%	3 of 4
122	Świętokrzyskie PL72	Poland	0.60%	15 of 17
122	Calabria ITF6	Italy	0.60%	20 of 21
122	Észak-Magyarország HU31	Hungary	0.60%	6 of 8
122	Stredné Slovensko SK03	Slovakia	0.60%	4 of 4
126	Aydın, Denizli, Muğla TR32	Türkiye	0.57%	21 of 26
127	Castilla-La Mancha ES42	Spain	0.56%	15 of 19
127	Valle d’Aosta ITC2	Italy	0.56%	21 of 21
127	Dél-Dunántúl HU23	Hungary	0.56%	7 of 8
130	Canarias ES70	Spain	0.53%	16 of 19
131	Gaziantep, Adıyaman, Kilis TRC1	Türkiye	0.49%	22 of 26
131	Şanlıurfa, Diyarbakır TRC2	Türkiye	0.49%	22 of 26
133	Ciudad de Melilla ES64	Spain	0.47%	17 of 19
134	Yuzhen tsentralen BG42	Bulgaria	0.45%	2 of 6
135	Algarve PT15	Portugal	0.44%	7 of 9
135	Adana, Mersin TR62	Türkiye	0.44%	24 of 26
137	Sud-Muntenia RO31	Romania	0.42%	2 of 8
138	Região Autónoma dos Açores PT20	Portugal	0.41%	8 of 9
138	Pest HU12	Hungary	0.41%	8 of 8
138	Região Autónoma da Madeira PT30	Portugal	0.41%	8 of 9
141	Illes Balears ES53	Spain	0.39%	18 of 19
142	Severoiztochen BG33	Bulgaria	0.38%	3 of 6
142	Lubuskie PL43	Poland	0.38%	16 of 17
144	Mazowiecki regionalny PL92	Poland	0.36%	17 of 17
144	Vest RO42	Romania	0.36%	3 of 8
144	Centru RO12	Romania	0.36%	3 of 8
147	Panonska Hrvatska HR02	Croatia	0.35%	4 of 4
148	Severozápad CZ04	Czechia	0.33%	8 of 8
148	Mardin, Batman, Şırnak, Siirt TRC3	Türkiye	0.33%	25 of 26
148	Hatay, Kahramanmaraş, Osmaniye TR63	Türkiye	0.33%	25 of 26
151	Ionia Nisia EL62	Greece	0.32%	12 of 13
152	Severen tsentralen BG32	Bulgaria	0.31%	4 of 6
153	Crna Gora ME00	Montenegro	0.29%	1 of 1
154	Severozapaden BG31	Bulgaria	0.28%	5 of 6
154	Ciudad de Ceuta ES63	Spain	0.28%	19 of 19
156	Notio Aigaio EL42	Greece	0.27%	13 of 13
157	Yugoiztochen BG34	Bulgaria	0.26%	6 of 6
158	Nord-Est RO21	Romania	0.20%	5 of 8
159	Region Šumadije i Zapadne Srbije RS21	Serbia	0.19%	3 of 4
159	Nord-Vest RO11	Romania	0.19%	6 of 8
161	Region Južne i Istočne Srbije RS22	Serbia	0.17%	4 of 4
162	Sud-Vest Oltenia RO41	Romania	0.11%	7 of 8
163	Sud-Est RO22	Romania	0.09%	8 of 8

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