Government expenditure by function (COFOG)
How much each country spends on each function, as a percentage (%) of GDP (2024, latest year with EU27 data). Click a country for the details: the 69 sub-functions, the weight of each function in its spending and the split by level of government.
Source: Eurostat (gov_10a_exp), retrieved 2026-10-17 · % of GDP
| Countries | Total government expenditure | General public services | Defence | Public order and safety | Economic affairs | Environmental protection | Housing and community amenities | Health | Recreation, culture and religion | Education | Social protection |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
 European Union (27) | 48.9 | 6.1 | 1.5 | 1.7 | 5.3 | 0.8 | 0.7 | 7.3 | 1.2 | 4.7 | 19.6 |
| Euro area (20, until 2025) | 49.3 | 6.1 | 1.4 | 1.7 | 5.2 | 0.9 | 0.7 | 7.5 | 1.1 | 4.6 | 20.1 |
| Euro area (21) | 49.2 | 6.1 | 1.4 | 1.7 | 5.2 | 0.9 | 0.7 | 7.4 | 1.1 | 4.6 | 20.0 |
 Finland | 57.7 | 7.1 | 1.6 | 1.3 | 4.9 | 0.2 | 0.5 | 7.7 | 1.7 | 6.3 | 26.5 |
 France | 57.3 | 6.2 | 1.9 | 1.8 | 5.7 | 1.0 | 1.4 | 8.9 | 1.5 | 5.1 | 23.7 |
 Austria | 55.2 | 6.0 | 0.7 | 1.5 | 7.1 | 0.7 | 0.4 | 9.5 | 1.3 | 5.3 | 22.8 |
 Belgium | 54.1 | 7.1 | 1.3 | 1.7 | 6.4 | 1.2 | 0.4 | 8.0 | 1.2 | 6.3 | 20.4 |
 Sweden | 50.5 | 5.5 | 2.0 | 1.6 | 4.8 | 0.5 | 0.8 | 7.4 | 1.4 | 7.3 | 19.1 |
 Italy | 50.4 | 7.7 | 1.3 | 1.8 | 5.1 | 0.9 | 0.8 | 6.6 | 0.9 | 4.0 | 21.3 |
 Germany | 49.4 | 6.4 | 1.4 | 1.6 | 5.4 | 0.6 | 0.5 | 7.6 | 1.1 | 4.5 | 20.4 |
 Poland | 49.4 | 5.2 | 2.9 | 2.4 | 6.1 | 0.7 | 0.6 | 6.1 | 1.4 | 5.6 | 18.3 |
 Greece | 48.2 | 8.3 | 2.2 | 2.0 | 6.0 | 0.9 | 0.5 | 5.7 | 1.0 | 3.9 | 17.7 |
 Croatia | 48.0 | 5.5 | 1.5 | 2.4 | 6.4 | 1.2 | 1.5 | 9.0 | 1.7 | 5.0 | 13.8 |
 Norway | 47.8 | 5.4 | 2.1 | 1.0 | 5.7 | 0.8 | 0.9 | 7.2 | 1.5 | 4.7 | 18.5 |
 Slovakia | 47.5 | 5.5 | 1.4 | 2.3 | 5.5 | 0.8 | 0.5 | 6.9 | 1.1 | 5.1 | 18.4 |
 Denmark | 47.3 | 5.7 | 1.8 | 1.0 | 3.1 | 0.4 | 0.3 | 8.3 | 1.5 | 5.6 | 19.6 |
 Iceland | 47.1 | 7.6 | 0.2 | 1.8 | 4.9 | 0.7 | 0.7 | 8.6 | 3.0 | 7.0 | 12.6 |
 Hungary | 47.1 | 10.0 | 2.0 | 1.8 | 7.7 | 0.4 | 1.0 | 4.7 | 2.5 | 4.9 | 12.3 |
 Luxembourg | 46.8 | 5.6 | 0.7 | 1.3 | 5.9 | 1.1 | 0.6 | 5.6 | 1.3 | 5.0 | 19.9 |
 Slovenia | 46.5 | 4.6 | 1.4 | 1.5 | 5.7 | 0.7 | 0.4 | 8.0 | 1.5 | 5.5 | 17.1 |
 Latvia | 45.6 | 4.6 | 2.7 | 3.2 | 6.6 | 0.5 | 1.0 | 5.4 | 1.4 | 6.1 | 14.1 |
 Spain | 45.5 | 5.8 | 0.9 | 1.8 | 5.1 | 1.0 | 0.5 | 6.5 | 1.2 | 4.1 | 18.7 |
 Netherlands | 44.4 | 4.1 | 1.6 | 1.9 | 4.4 | 1.6 | 0.6 | 7.3 | 1.2 | 5.1 | 16.6 |
 Estonia | 44.0 | 4.3 | 3.7 | 1.8 | 4.6 | 0.7 | 0.4 | 6.3 | 1.9 | 6.3 | 13.8 |
 Romania | 43.3 | 5.8 | 1.6 | 2.8 | 6.7 | 0.9 | 1.5 | 5.2 | 1.1 | 4.0 | 13.6 |
 Czechia | 42.9 | 4.7 | 1.3 | 1.6 | 5.5 | 0.9 | 0.9 | 9.0 | 1.3 | 4.5 | 13.2 |
 Portugal | 42.4 | 5.8 | 0.9 | 1.6 | 3.6 | 0.7 | 0.6 | 6.8 | 0.8 | 4.3 | 17.1 |
 Lithuania | 39.4 | 3.6 | 2.6 | 1.6 | 3.2 | 0.5 | 0.8 | 5.8 | 1.3 | 5.5 | 14.7 |
 Bulgaria | 39.2 | 2.9 | 1.3 | 2.8 | 5.8 | 0.6 | 1.0 | 5.4 | 0.7 | 4.3 | 14.4 |
 Cyprus | 38.3 | 5.3 | 1.8 | 1.7 | 2.9 | 0.6 | 2.1 | 6.1 | 0.5 | 5.0 | 12.4 |
 Malta | 37.3 | 5.0 | 0.5 | 1.5 | 7.6 | 1.2 | 0.6 | 5.0 | 1.5 | 4.7 | 9.8 |
 Switzerland | 32.5 | 4.3 | 0.8 | 1.6 | 3.8 | 0.5 | 0.2 | 2.2 | 0.9 | 5.3 | 12.7 |
 Ireland | 22.4 | 2.0 | 0.1 | 0.7 | 2.1 | 0.4 | 0.6 | 5.2 | 0.4 | 2.7 | 8.2 |
General government expenditure by purpose, using the Classification of the Functions of Government (COFOG). Official Eurostat data; the total is consolidated, i.e. excluding transfers between levels of government.